Hormuz closure and tight supply drive gasoline surge
Hormuz closure cuts oil flows The renewed US-Iran war closed the Strait of Hormuz, slashing oil flows from 9.4 to 5.5 million barrels daily. This major supply disruption pushed gasoline futures sharply higher.
This is the primary new event that drove gasoline prices up in Q3.
Record refining margins and low inventories Refining margins hit a record near $69 per barrel, and US gasoline inventories fell to an 8.5-month low. These factors signaled extreme tightness and supported higher prices.
These supply-side constraints were key bullish drivers during the period.
Global supply disruptions persist Russia's export ban, Rhine River disruption, refinery outages, Iran sanctions, and attacks on Russian refineries kept global fuel supply tight, adding upward pressure on gasoline prices.
Multiple supply disruptions reinforced the bullish trend in Q3.
Bearish factors cap gains Ceasefire talks, resumed shipping, Fed rate-hike fears, OPEC+ barrels, rising Chinese and US fuel exports, weak demand, political pressure, a price-gouging probe, the US-Venezuela deal, Japanese subsidies, and ample reserves repeatedly limited price increases.
These counterweights prevented even larger price spikes, providing a balanced view.